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Sleep breathing disorders represent one of the most important
factors that influence prognosis in critical patients, directly as
an initial cause or indirect process that deteriorates after
admission to the Intensive Care Units. Despite this known
association, there is little scientific information in key
practical questions. For example, how does one approach and
diagnose sleep breathing disorders in critical care medicine? How
can one measure these associations in patients under non-invasive
and invasive mechanical ventilation? During weaning from mechanical
ventilation, extubation process, or prevention extubation failure,
and finally, their association with short and long term prognosis
in medical and postoperative critically patients. In this scenario,
they are of great interest to understand these associations In this
book, we analyze the rationale for diagnosis and treatment in
critically mechanically ventilated, from non-invasive, invasive and
weaning from mechanical ventilation process, treatments, protocols
and follow-up patients' recommendations. The high prevalence of
sleep breathing disorders, increment critically mechanical
ventilated patients, new forms of invasive and non-invasive
mechanical ventilation justify as multidisciplinary perspective
this book, useful for pulmonologists, critical care and
anesthesiologist.
The past few decades have seen major impacts of different pandemics
and mass casualty events on health resource use in terms of rising
healthcare costs and increased mortality. In this context, the
development of acute respiratory failure in patients requires the
use of mechanical ventilation, either invasive or noninvasive.
Recently, noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has proved to be a valuable
strategy to reduce mortality rates in patients. This is the first
book to describe the clinical indications of NIV in patients who
have been hospitalized with high-risk infections as well as in the
prehospital management of mass casualty incidents, including
chemical or biological disasters and pandemics. Compiled by
internationally respected experts, it offers comprehensive coverage
of all aspects of noninvasive mechanical ventilation in public
health emergencies, such as equipment needs and guidelines for
health organizations. Considering recent events (SARS, H1N1
influenza pandemic), the book concludes with a critical review of
current studies and future prospects for the use of NIV, offering a
valuable resource for all practitioners managing mass casualty
incidents and disasters.
Noninvasive mechanical ventilation has managed to establish itself
as the treatment option for a wide variety of causes of acute and
chronic respiratory failure in different settings in hospital and
home noninvasive mechanical ventilation. In the last decades, we
have discovered its positive effects on gas exchange and symptoms
such as dyspnea control, widely contrasted against endotracheal
intubation. However, although this wide range of beneficial effects
have been described, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention and
treatment of noninvasive mechanical complications could not be
forgotten for a correct application as they clearly affect patient
outcome and mortality. Nowadays, there is a scarce number of
publications analyzing noninvasive mechanical ventilation
complications and this book is the first dedicated to its analysis.
This book brings together a broad multidisciplinary vision of
common and unusual complications, thus it serves as the original
and essential scientific published reference on noninvasive
mechanical ventilation complications. The present book has been
structured to offer through its sections and chapters an exhaustive
and in-depth analysis of noninvasive mechanical ventilation
complications, mechanisms, direct or indirect factors determinants,
key recommendations for the early diagnosis and treatment for most
frequent applications from multidisciplinary perspective. Finally,
we analyze noninvasive mechanical ventilation complications and how
they impact in short- and long-term complications and mortality.
The book concludes analyzing evidence in diagnosis, prevention and
treatment. We believe that the readers of this book will find in it
an essential reference for a correct application of noninvasive
mechanical ventilation, and thus be able to improve results and
prognosis. Only the precise knowledge of complications of
noninvasive mechanical ventilation will allow us to achieve a
proper application to success.
Idiopatic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) represents one of the most
important devastating diseases that affects the lungs.
Traditionally, the development of acute or chronic respiratory
failure in disiorepresents an important dilemma for pulmonologists,
intensivists, internists and anesthesiologists, due to the limited
respiratory and functional reserve of these patients. In the last
decade, we have witnessed a novel development of non-invasive
mechanical ventilation and high flow oxygenation systems,
representing an attractive option for patients compared to those
patients with well-known poor results of invasive mechanical
ventilation. In this book, we analyze all the options of
non-invasive mechanical ventilation, indications, ventilatory
modes, protocols, technology, equipment and applications in acute
and chronic phase of patients with IPF, in addition to an
exhaustive approach of all complementary techniques that optimize
the application of these procedures. There are no previous
descriptions or updates that incorporate this comprehensive
analysis. This book, thus, serves as an updated scientific and
practical reference for the knowledge of all spectrum respiratory
failure presentations in idiopatic pulmonary fibrosis.
This book analyses and describes the whole spectrum of technical
elements related with non-invasive mechanical ventilators
technologies, ventilator modes and complementary technologies for
correct interpretation and clinical indications. With the aim of
addressing different topics, authors have presented in each chapter
and section a rigorous summary of non-invasive mechanical
ventilators principles and technologies, as well as clinical
indications in order to understand lung function. Moreover, this
book also offers a comprehensive examination of how mechanical
ventilators interact, for example, in case of asynchrony
(diagnosis/treatment), and other tools. The patient-mechanical
ventilator interactions sections have been planned from a
physiological basis, as they include physical description of the
ventilator elements and the non-invasive algorithms that allow
adequate patient-ventilator interaction. We describe the correct
interpretation and monitoring of positive pressure, airflow and
volume waveforms, leakages impact and analysis and interface
options and technology (facial mask, nasal mask and other new
interface). From a practical point of view, authors describe
non-invasive mechanical ventilators device selection, indications
and evaluation in different clinical conditions, acute and chronic
setting from hospital (emergency/critical
care/anesthesiology/pneumology) and from home non-invasive
mechanical ventilation. We consider this to be an original and
exhaustive book crucial and practical for the correct understanding
of mechanical ventilators principles of technology and science of
non-invasive mechanical ventilation.
This book is an introduction to a comprehensive analysis of recent
advances and clinical research in noninvasive mechanical
ventilation (NIV) in Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine.
The objective of the book is to increase the knowledge and
understanding of the reader in the best clinical practice in three
main sections. A selected international group of experts in the
field of noninvasive ventilation formed a panel to provide an
update on the recent literature in the application and efficient
utilization of NIV in Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine.
Each particular section will discuss the application of NIV in
different disease process. The authors summarized the main results
of the recent trials, clinical and technological advances, expert
opinions, and practical guidelines. Chapters, summarized by expert
committee, provide a "deep and exhaustive critical analysis and
summary" of the recent advances in the field of NIV, presented as
key points and/recommendations for the best clinical practice from
articles published in the last decade. The content of the book will
serve as a resource and a tool to the practicing physicians toward
NIV. Main objective is to increase their proficiency in management
of different pathophysiological aspects of the respiratory system.
In this line, the book offers to the readers, who are seeking the
latest recommendations, the future research directions in
noninvasive mechanical ventilation. Table of contents describe and
analyze, the items trend setters in noninvasive ventilation,
organized in three main sections, "pulmonary", "critical care" and
"sleep medicine", using the primary keyword related with term
"noninvasive mechanical ventilation" as search term associated with
"secondary keywords" studies from a period of 2018 to 2019. This
searching methodology and analysis define this unique book to the
approach in noninvasive mechanical ventilation for best clinical
practice, research, clinical study designs and critical analysis,
how noninvasive ventilation is current and trending. Based on this
form of conception of book updated, editors and authors consider
that this book opens a new and original vision for adequate
knowledge and deep updated based on key publications in the period
under review, very useful for clinical practice, studies designs
and potential new trends in the use of noninvasive ventilation. As
such, it is a unique update book resource in noninvasive
ventilation in pulmonary, critical care and sleep medicine that may
influence current clinical practice and future studies. With
ultimate goal is better care and outcome for our patients.
This book aims to highlight the importance of the development of
health conditions and demand for the application of noninvasive
mechanical ventilation (NIMV) outside the intensive care units
(ICUs); the diversification of possible scenarios outside the ICUs;
the need to establish references that consolidate this phenomenon
and the healthcare organizations models. In the last decades the
extension of the use of NIMV outside of the ICUs has led to the
generation of protocols and to the creation of new in-hospital care
models. In this field, the main determining factors are a better
knowledge of technique, technological advancement, better
monitoring capacity, the creation of multidisciplinary teams
adequately trained in their application, and social and health
events that have overloaded ICUs. All these elements have promoted
the creation of these NIMV units outside ICUs. This new reality
entails the need for clarification of concepts, recommendations,
and analysis of how to plan NIMV. Although the literature that
clearly determine the indications and aids on the use of NIMV is
considerable, this volume, pointing out the diversity of different
healthcare models to define how to organize NIMV outside the ICUs,
shed a light and bring a clear benefit to the scientific community
involved. The book is structured in eleven main sections analyzing
the epidemiology and trends for NIMV healthcare models and
determining factors for these models outside ICUs. The originality
of the work, its clear clinical-practical impact and the
multidisciplinary approach given by all healthcare professionals
involved (intensivists, pneumologists, internal medicine and
emergency medicine specialists, geriatricians, chest respiratory
therapists, etc.) is very relevant for the thoroughness of the
book.Â
This book uses real-world clinical case analyses of hot topics to
provide insights into noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV).
Written by leading international teachers and experts, it features
a selection of "major controversial topics in clinical practice"
and demonstrates how these cases can be used to teach about NIV. It
then presents a discussion of the topics in various scenarios
(anesthesiology, critical care, emergency, pneumology and sleep
medicine, as well). The chapters allow readers to develop a
case-by-case understanding of NIV in acute and chronic respiratory
disorders, and perioperative and in intensive care patients, also
thanks to Electronic Supplementary Materials. Lastly the authors
summarize five key points / recommendations. This book is an
attractive resource also for universities / educational seminars /
national and international postgraduate courses and hot-topics
sessions at national/international congresses.
This book comprehensively addresses the use of pulmonary function
measurement for the evaluation, screening and timing of noninvasive
mechanical ventilation (NIMV) from hospital to home care. To do so,
it describes three clinical stages of NIMV support: before NIV, to
detect early markers and determine whether NIV is appropriate;
during NIV, to evaluate NIV response; and in long-term NIV support.
Additionally, it assesses a range of complementary health care
organizations (pulmonary function labs, pneumology wards,
semi-intensive care units and home mechanical ventilation
programs), techniques (chest physiotherapy/airway secretions, etc.)
and applications. In closing, the book offers practical
recommendations on how noninvasive ventilation and lung function
measurement can improve outcomes and quality of life, making it a
valuable resource for all specialists, e.g. intensivists and
pneumologists, as well as anesthesiologists and therapists.
Non-invasive ventilation is the delivery of oxygen via a face mask
and is used in the treatment of respiratory failure in chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, and
other respiratory conditions. Because patients rely upon
ventilation systems to breathe, it is essential to monitor
patients' respiratory function on an ongoing basis. However, this
monitoring can prove to be difficult, particularly when patients
receive ventilation treatment outside of the hospital and in their
homes. As such, this book provides extensive detail concerning the
monitoring of non-invasive mechanical ventilation systems in a
variety of contexts.
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